HW #10

Unit 4 BS #1-8 

1. The frequency of electromagnetic radiation and its energy is proportional, but the wavelength is proportional.

2. Spectrum shows the ranges of energy.

3. Visible radiation can energize the electrons is chemical bonds, which delivers the energy necessary for reactions.

4. (a) Infrared, visible, and ultraviolet

     (b) Infrared radiation warms living things, visible reactions energize electrons, and ultraviolet radiation kills bacteria and destroys viruses.

5. UV-C photons can break covalent bonds, which leads to a chemical change in the materials exposed, and it also kills bacteria that damage other living things. Visible light is not effective because it does not possess great enough energy. 

6. Infrared reactions can be absorbed by greenhouse gases, which reradiates back to earth. 90% of visible radiation travels to earth’s surface. UV-C radiation is absorbed in the stratosphere before reaching earth’s surface. Most UV-A and UV-B radiation are absorbed by the ozone layer.

7. The main effects of the solar radiation that reaches Earth's surface are that more greenhouse gases cause more infrared radiation, resulting in more energy reradiated on earths surface, and a hotter earth.

8. (a) Lake water reflects light, as well as absorbing and storing heat. Asphalt warms up more when exposed to sunlight because solar radiation reflects and illuminates it back into space. 

    (b) Water acts as a greenhouse gas and absorbs infrared light, but asphalt directly reflects light sources back to space.